Self-reported dependence on mobile phones in young adults: A European cross-cultural empirical survey.
Identifieur interne : 000B22 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000B21; suivant : 000B23Self-reported dependence on mobile phones in young adults: A European cross-cultural empirical survey.
Auteurs : Olatz Lopez-Fernandez [Royaume-Uni, Belgique] ; Daria J. Kuss [Royaume-Uni] ; Lucia Romo [France] ; Yannick Morvan [France] ; Laurence Kern [France] ; Pierluigi Graziani [France] ; Amélie Rousseau [France] ; Hans-Jürgen Rumpf [Allemagne] ; Anja Bischof [Allemagne] ; Ann-Kathrin G Ssler [Allemagne] ; Adriano Schimmenti [Italie] ; Alessia Passanisi [Italie] ; Niko M Nnikkö [Finlande] ; Maria K Ri Nen [Finlande] ; Zsolt Demetrovics [Hongrie] ; Orsolya Király [Hongrie] ; Mariano Ch Liz [Espagne] ; Juan José Zacarés [Espagne] ; Emilia Serra [Espagne] ; Mark D. Griffiths [Royaume-Uni] ; Halley M. Pontes [Royaume-Uni] ; Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta [Pologne] ; Joanna Chwaszcz [Pologne] ; Daniele Zullino [Suisse] ; Lucien Rochat [Suisse] ; Sophia Achab [Suisse] ; Joël Billieux [Belgique, Luxembourg (pays)]Source :
- Journal of behavioral addictions [ 2063-5303 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adulte (MeSH), Analyse de régression (MeSH), Autorapport (MeSH), Comparaison interculturelle (MeSH), Comportement toxicomaniaque (épidémiologie), Europe (épidémiologie), Facteurs de risque (MeSH), Humains (MeSH), Internet (MeSH), Jeune adulte (MeSH), Prévalence (MeSH), Téléphones portables (MeSH), Universités (MeSH).
- MESH :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent (MeSH), Adult (MeSH), Behavior, Addictive (epidemiology), Cell Phone (MeSH), Cross-Cultural Comparison (MeSH), Europe (epidemiology), Humans (MeSH), Internet (MeSH), Prevalence (MeSH), Regression Analysis (MeSH), Risk Factors (MeSH), Self Report (MeSH), Universities (MeSH), Young Adult (MeSH).
- MESH :
- epidemiology : Behavior, Addictive, Europe.
- Adolescent, Adult, Cell Phone, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Humans, Internet, Prevalence, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Self Report, Universities, Young Adult.
Abstract
Background and aims Despite many positive benefits, mobile phone use can be associated with harmful and detrimental behaviors. The aim of this study was twofold: to examine (a) cross-cultural patterns of perceived dependence on mobile phones in ten European countries, first, grouped in four different regions (North: Finland and UK; South: Spain and Italy; East: Hungary and Poland; West: France, Belgium, Germany, and Switzerland), and second by country, and (b) how socio-demographics, geographic differences, mobile phone usage patterns, and associated activities predicted this perceived dependence. Methods A sample of 2,775 young adults (aged 18-29 years) were recruited in different European Universities who participated in an online survey. Measures included socio-demographic variables, patterns of mobile phone use, and the dependence subscale of a short version of the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPUQ; Billieux, Van der Linden, & Rochat, 2008). Results The young adults from the Northern and Southern regions reported the heaviest use of mobile phones, whereas perceived dependence was less prevalent in the Eastern region. However, the proportion of highly dependent mobile phone users was more elevated in Belgium, UK, and France. Regression analysis identified several risk factors for increased scores on the PMPUQ dependence subscale, namely using mobile phones daily, being female, engaging in social networking, playing video games, shopping and viewing TV shows through the Internet, chatting and messaging, and using mobile phones for downloading-related activities. Discussion and conclusions Self-reported dependence on mobile phone use is influenced by frequency and specific application usage.
DOI: 10.1556/2006.6.2017.020
PubMed: 28425777
PubMed Central: PMC5520117
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Belgique, Espagne, Finlande, France, Hongrie, Italie, Luxembourg (pays), Pologne, Royaume-Uni, Suisse
- Hongrie centrale, Languedoc-Roussillon, Occitanie (région administrative), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Île-de-France
- Budapest, Marseille, Nanterre, Nîmes
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ch Liz, Mariano" sort="Ch Liz, Mariano" uniqKey="Ch Liz M" first="Mariano" last="Ch Liz">Mariano Ch Liz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>13 Department of Basic Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>13 Department of Basic Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valencia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zacares, Juan Jose" sort="Zacares, Juan Jose" uniqKey="Zacares J" first="Juan José" last="Zacarés">Juan José Zacarés</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>14 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>14 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valencia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Serra, Emilia" sort="Serra, Emilia" uniqKey="Serra E" first="Emilia" last="Serra">Emilia Serra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>14 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>14 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valencia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Griffiths, Mark D" sort="Griffiths, Mark D" uniqKey="Griffiths M" first="Mark D" last="Griffiths">Mark D. Griffiths</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nottingham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pontes, Halley M" sort="Pontes, Halley M" uniqKey="Pontes H" first="Halley M" last="Pontes">Halley M. Pontes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nottingham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lelonek Kuleta, Bernadeta" sort="Lelonek Kuleta, Bernadeta" uniqKey="Lelonek Kuleta B" first="Bernadeta" last="Lelonek-Kuleta">Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>15 Department of Family Science and Social Work, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II , Lublin, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>15 Department of Family Science and Social Work, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II , Lublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chwaszcz, Joanna" sort="Chwaszcz, Joanna" uniqKey="Chwaszcz J" first="Joanna" last="Chwaszcz">Joanna Chwaszcz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>16 Department of Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II , Lublin, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>16 Department of Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II , Lublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zullino, Daniele" sort="Zullino, Daniele" uniqKey="Zullino D" first="Daniele" last="Zullino">Daniele Zullino</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>17 Department of Psychiatry - Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>17 Department of Psychiatry - Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva , Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>18 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry - Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>18 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry - Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva , Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rochat, Lucien" sort="Rochat, Lucien" uniqKey="Rochat L" first="Lucien" last="Rochat">Lucien Rochat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>19 Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>19 Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva , Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Achab, Sophia" sort="Achab, Sophia" uniqKey="Achab S" first="Sophia" last="Achab">Sophia Achab</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>17 Department of Psychiatry - Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>17 Department of Psychiatry - Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva , Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>18 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry - Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>18 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry - Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva , Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Billieux, Joel" sort="Billieux, Joel" uniqKey="Billieux J" first="Joël" last="Billieux">Joël Billieux</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>2 Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>2 Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Louvain-la-Neuve</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>20 Institute for Health and Behavior, Integrative Research Unit on Social and Individual Development (INSIDE), University of Luxembourg , Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Luxembourg (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>20 Institute for Health and Behavior, Integrative Research Unit on Social and Individual Development (INSIDE), University of Luxembourg , Esch-sur-Alzette</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Esch-sur-Alzette</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2017">2017</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:28425777</idno><idno type="pmid">28425777</idno><idno type="doi">10.1556/2006.6.2017.020</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC5520117</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000B76</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000B76</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000B76</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000B76</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000B76</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Self-reported dependence on mobile phones in young adults: A European cross-cultural empirical survey.</title><author><name sortKey="Lopez Fernandez, Olatz" sort="Lopez Fernandez, Olatz" uniqKey="Lopez Fernandez O" first="Olatz" last="Lopez-Fernandez">Olatz Lopez-Fernandez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nottingham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>2 Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>2 Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Louvain-la-Neuve</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuss, Daria J" sort="Kuss, Daria J" uniqKey="Kuss D" first="Daria J" last="Kuss">Daria J. Kuss</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nottingham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Romo, Lucia" sort="Romo, Lucia" uniqKey="Romo L" first="Lucia" last="Romo">Lucia Romo</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>3 CLIPSYD Lab, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>3 CLIPSYD Lab, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Nanterre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Morvan, Yannick" sort="Morvan, Yannick" uniqKey="Morvan Y" first="Yannick" last="Morvan">Yannick Morvan</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>3 CLIPSYD Lab, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>3 CLIPSYD Lab, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Nanterre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kern, Laurence" sort="Kern, Laurence" uniqKey="Kern L" first="Laurence" last="Kern">Laurence Kern</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>4 CLIPSYD Lab, UFR STAPS, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>4 CLIPSYD Lab, UFR STAPS, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Nanterre</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Graziani, Pierluigi" sort="Graziani, Pierluigi" uniqKey="Graziani P" first="Pierluigi" last="Graziani">Pierluigi Graziani</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>5 LPS EA 849, Aix-Marseille University , Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>5 LPS EA 849, Aix-Marseille University , Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>6 University of Nîmes , Nîmes, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>6 University of Nîmes , Nîmes</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Languedoc-Roussillon</region><settlement type="city">Nîmes</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rousseau, Amelie" sort="Rousseau, Amelie" uniqKey="Rousseau A" first="Amélie" last="Rousseau">Amélie Rousseau</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>7 Psychology Department, PSITEC EA 4074, Université Lille Nord de France , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>7 Psychology Department, PSITEC EA 4074, Université Lille Nord de France , Villeneuve d'Ascq</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Villeneuve d'Ascq</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Villeneuve d'Ascq</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rumpf, Hans Jurgen" sort="Rumpf, Hans Jurgen" uniqKey="Rumpf H" first="Hans-Jürgen" last="Rumpf">Hans-Jürgen Rumpf</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>8 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck , Lüebeck, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>8 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck , Lüebeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lüebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Lüebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Lüebeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bischof, Anja" sort="Bischof, Anja" uniqKey="Bischof A" first="Anja" last="Bischof">Anja Bischof</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>8 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck , Lüebeck, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>8 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck , Lüebeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lüebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Lüebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Lüebeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="G Ssler, Ann Kathrin" sort="G Ssler, Ann Kathrin" uniqKey="G Ssler A" first="Ann-Kathrin" last="G Ssler">Ann-Kathrin G Ssler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>8 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck , Lüebeck, Germany.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>8 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck , Lüebeck</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lüebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Lüebeck</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Lüebeck</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schimmenti, Adriano" sort="Schimmenti, Adriano" uniqKey="Schimmenti A" first="Adriano" last="Schimmenti">Adriano Schimmenti</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>9 Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna , Enna, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>9 Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna , Enna</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Enna</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Passanisi, Alessia" sort="Passanisi, Alessia" uniqKey="Passanisi A" first="Alessia" last="Passanisi">Alessia Passanisi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>9 Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna , Enna, Italy.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>9 Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna , Enna</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Enna</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M Nnikko, Niko" sort="M Nnikko, Niko" uniqKey="M Nnikko N" first="Niko" last="M Nnikkö">Niko M Nnikkö</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>10 RDI Services, Oulu University of Applied Sciences , Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>10 RDI Services, Oulu University of Applied Sciences , Oulu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="K Ri Nen, Maria" sort="K Ri Nen, Maria" uniqKey="K Ri Nen M" first="Maria" last="K Ri Nen">Maria K Ri Nen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>11 Department of Nursing - Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital , Oulu, Finland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Finlande</country><wicri:regionArea>11 Department of Nursing - Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital , Oulu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Oulu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Demetrovics, Zsolt" sort="Demetrovics, Zsolt" uniqKey="Demetrovics Z" first="Zsolt" last="Demetrovics">Zsolt Demetrovics</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>12 Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Eötvös Loránd University , Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>12 Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Eötvös Loránd University , Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kiraly, Orsolya" sort="Kiraly, Orsolya" uniqKey="Kiraly O" first="Orsolya" last="Király">Orsolya Király</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>12 Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Eötvös Loránd University , Budapest, Hungary.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Hongrie</country><wicri:regionArea>12 Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Eötvös Loránd University , Budapest</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Budapest</settlement><region nuts="2">Hongrie centrale</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ch Liz, Mariano" sort="Ch Liz, Mariano" uniqKey="Ch Liz M" first="Mariano" last="Ch Liz">Mariano Ch Liz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>13 Department of Basic Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>13 Department of Basic Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valencia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zacares, Juan Jose" sort="Zacares, Juan Jose" uniqKey="Zacares J" first="Juan José" last="Zacarés">Juan José Zacarés</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>14 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>14 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valencia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Serra, Emilia" sort="Serra, Emilia" uniqKey="Serra E" first="Emilia" last="Serra">Emilia Serra</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>14 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>14 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Valencia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Griffiths, Mark D" sort="Griffiths, Mark D" uniqKey="Griffiths M" first="Mark D" last="Griffiths">Mark D. Griffiths</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nottingham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pontes, Halley M" sort="Pontes, Halley M" uniqKey="Pontes H" first="Halley M" last="Pontes">Halley M. Pontes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nottingham</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lelonek Kuleta, Bernadeta" sort="Lelonek Kuleta, Bernadeta" uniqKey="Lelonek Kuleta B" first="Bernadeta" last="Lelonek-Kuleta">Bernadeta Lelonek-Kuleta</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>15 Department of Family Science and Social Work, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II , Lublin, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>15 Department of Family Science and Social Work, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II , Lublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chwaszcz, Joanna" sort="Chwaszcz, Joanna" uniqKey="Chwaszcz J" first="Joanna" last="Chwaszcz">Joanna Chwaszcz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>16 Department of Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II , Lublin, Poland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Pologne</country><wicri:regionArea>16 Department of Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II , Lublin</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lublin</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zullino, Daniele" sort="Zullino, Daniele" uniqKey="Zullino D" first="Daniele" last="Zullino">Daniele Zullino</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>17 Department of Psychiatry - Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>17 Department of Psychiatry - Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva , Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>18 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry - Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>18 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry - Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva , Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rochat, Lucien" sort="Rochat, Lucien" uniqKey="Rochat L" first="Lucien" last="Rochat">Lucien Rochat</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>19 Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>19 Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva , Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Achab, Sophia" sort="Achab, Sophia" uniqKey="Achab S" first="Sophia" last="Achab">Sophia Achab</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>17 Department of Psychiatry - Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>17 Department of Psychiatry - Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva , Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>18 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry - Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>18 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry - Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva , Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Billieux, Joel" sort="Billieux, Joel" uniqKey="Billieux J" first="Joël" last="Billieux">Joël Billieux</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>2 Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea>2 Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Louvain-la-Neuve</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>20 Institute for Health and Behavior, Integrative Research Unit on Social and Individual Development (INSIDE), University of Luxembourg , Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Luxembourg (pays)</country><wicri:regionArea>20 Institute for Health and Behavior, Integrative Research Unit on Social and Individual Development (INSIDE), University of Luxembourg , Esch-sur-Alzette</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Esch-sur-Alzette</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Journal of behavioral addictions</title><idno type="eISSN">2063-5303</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Adult (MeSH)</term><term>Behavior, Addictive (epidemiology)</term><term>Cell Phone (MeSH)</term><term>Cross-Cultural Comparison (MeSH)</term><term>Europe (epidemiology)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Internet (MeSH)</term><term>Prevalence (MeSH)</term><term>Regression Analysis (MeSH)</term><term>Risk Factors (MeSH)</term><term>Self Report (MeSH)</term><term>Universities (MeSH)</term><term>Young Adult (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent (MeSH)</term><term>Adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Analyse de régression (MeSH)</term><term>Autorapport (MeSH)</term><term>Comparaison interculturelle (MeSH)</term><term>Comportement toxicomaniaque (épidémiologie)</term><term>Europe (épidémiologie)</term><term>Facteurs de risque (MeSH)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Internet (MeSH)</term><term>Jeune adulte (MeSH)</term><term>Prévalence (MeSH)</term><term>Téléphones portables (MeSH)</term><term>Universités (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Behavior, Addictive</term><term>Europe</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Comportement toxicomaniaque</term><term>Europe</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Cell Phone</term><term>Cross-Cultural Comparison</term><term>Humans</term><term>Internet</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Regression Analysis</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>Self Report</term><term>Universities</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Analyse de régression</term><term>Autorapport</term><term>Comparaison interculturelle</term><term>Facteurs de risque</term><term>Humains</term><term>Internet</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Téléphones portables</term><term>Universités</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Background and aims Despite many positive benefits, mobile phone use can be associated with harmful and detrimental behaviors. The aim of this study was twofold: to examine (a) cross-cultural patterns of perceived dependence on mobile phones in ten European countries, first, grouped in four different regions (North: Finland and UK; South: Spain and Italy; East: Hungary and Poland; West: France, Belgium, Germany, and Switzerland), and second by country, and (b) how socio-demographics, geographic differences, mobile phone usage patterns, and associated activities predicted this perceived dependence. Methods A sample of 2,775 young adults (aged 18-29 years) were recruited in different European Universities who participated in an online survey. Measures included socio-demographic variables, patterns of mobile phone use, and the dependence subscale of a short version of the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPUQ; Billieux, Van der Linden, & Rochat, 2008). Results The young adults from the Northern and Southern regions reported the heaviest use of mobile phones, whereas perceived dependence was less prevalent in the Eastern region. However, the proportion of highly dependent mobile phone users was more elevated in Belgium, UK, and France. Regression analysis identified several risk factors for increased scores on the PMPUQ dependence subscale, namely using mobile phones daily, being female, engaging in social networking, playing video games, shopping and viewing TV shows through the Internet, chatting and messaging, and using mobile phones for downloading-related activities. Discussion and conclusions Self-reported dependence on mobile phone use is influenced by frequency and specific application usage.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28425777</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2018</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>11</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>13</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2063-5303</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>6</Volume><Issue>2</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Jun</Month><Day>01</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Journal of behavioral addictions</Title><ISOAbbreviation>J Behav Addict</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Self-reported dependence on mobile phones in young adults: A European cross-cultural empirical survey.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>168-177</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1556/2006.6.2017.020</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Background and aims Despite many positive benefits, mobile phone use can be associated with harmful and detrimental behaviors. The aim of this study was twofold: to examine (a) cross-cultural patterns of perceived dependence on mobile phones in ten European countries, first, grouped in four different regions (North: Finland and UK; South: Spain and Italy; East: Hungary and Poland; West: France, Belgium, Germany, and Switzerland), and second by country, and (b) how socio-demographics, geographic differences, mobile phone usage patterns, and associated activities predicted this perceived dependence. Methods A sample of 2,775 young adults (aged 18-29 years) were recruited in different European Universities who participated in an online survey. Measures included socio-demographic variables, patterns of mobile phone use, and the dependence subscale of a short version of the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Questionnaire (PMPUQ; Billieux, Van der Linden, & Rochat, 2008). Results The young adults from the Northern and Southern regions reported the heaviest use of mobile phones, whereas perceived dependence was less prevalent in the Eastern region. However, the proportion of highly dependent mobile phone users was more elevated in Belgium, UK, and France. Regression analysis identified several risk factors for increased scores on the PMPUQ dependence subscale, namely using mobile phones daily, being female, engaging in social networking, playing video games, shopping and viewing TV shows through the Internet, chatting and messaging, and using mobile phones for downloading-related activities. Discussion and conclusions Self-reported dependence on mobile phone use is influenced by frequency and specific application usage.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lopez-Fernandez</LastName><ForeName>Olatz</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2 Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kuss</LastName><ForeName>Daria J</ForeName><Initials>DJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Romo</LastName><ForeName>Lucia</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>3 CLIPSYD Lab, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Morvan</LastName><ForeName>Yannick</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>3 CLIPSYD Lab, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kern</LastName><ForeName>Laurence</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>4 CLIPSYD Lab, UFR STAPS, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense , Nanterre, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Graziani</LastName><ForeName>Pierluigi</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>5 LPS EA 849, Aix-Marseille University , Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>6 University of Nîmes , Nîmes, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rousseau</LastName><ForeName>Amélie</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>7 Psychology Department, PSITEC EA 4074, Université Lille Nord de France , Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rumpf</LastName><ForeName>Hans-Jürgen</ForeName><Initials>HJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>8 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck , Lüebeck, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Bischof</LastName><ForeName>Anja</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>8 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck , Lüebeck, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gässler</LastName><ForeName>Ann-Kathrin</ForeName><Initials>AK</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>8 Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lüebeck , Lüebeck, Germany.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Schimmenti</LastName><ForeName>Adriano</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>9 Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna , Enna, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Passanisi</LastName><ForeName>Alessia</ForeName><Initials>A</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>9 Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna , Enna, Italy.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Männikkö</LastName><ForeName>Niko</ForeName><Initials>N</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>10 RDI Services, Oulu University of Applied Sciences , Oulu, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kääriänen</LastName><ForeName>Maria</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>11 Department of Nursing - Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital , Oulu, Finland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Demetrovics</LastName><ForeName>Zsolt</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>12 Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Eötvös Loránd University , Budapest, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Király</LastName><ForeName>Orsolya</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>12 Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Eötvös Loránd University , Budapest, Hungary.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chóliz</LastName><ForeName>Mariano</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>13 Department of Basic Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zacarés</LastName><ForeName>Juan José</ForeName><Initials>JJ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>14 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Serra</LastName><ForeName>Emilia</ForeName><Initials>E</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>14 Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Griffiths</LastName><ForeName>Mark D</ForeName><Initials>MD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pontes</LastName><ForeName>Halley M</ForeName><Initials>HM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>1 International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Lelonek-Kuleta</LastName><ForeName>Bernadeta</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>15 Department of Family Science and Social Work, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II , Lublin, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chwaszcz</LastName><ForeName>Joanna</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>16 Department of Psychology, Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II , Lublin, Poland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zullino</LastName><ForeName>Daniele</ForeName><Initials>D</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>17 Department of Psychiatry - Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>18 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry - Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rochat</LastName><ForeName>Lucien</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>19 Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Achab</LastName><ForeName>Sophia</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>17 Department of Psychiatry - Research Unit Addictive Disorders, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>18 Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry - Addiction Division, University Hospitals of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Billieux</LastName><ForeName>Joël</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>2 Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>20 Institute for Health and Behavior, Integrative Research Unit on Social and Individual Development (INSIDE), University of Luxembourg , Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2017</Year><Month>04</Month><Day>20</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Hungary</Country><MedlineTA>J Behav Addict</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101602037</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2062-5871</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000328" MajorTopicYN="N">Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016739" MajorTopicYN="N">Behavior, Addictive</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="Y">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D040421" MajorTopicYN="Y">Cell Phone</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003431" MajorTopicYN="N">Cross-Cultural Comparison</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005060" MajorTopicYN="N">Europe</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000453" MajorTopicYN="N">epidemiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D020407" MajorTopicYN="N">Internet</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D015995" MajorTopicYN="N">Prevalence</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012044" MajorTopicYN="N">Regression Analysis</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012307" MajorTopicYN="N">Risk Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D057566" MajorTopicYN="N">Self Report</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014495" MajorTopicYN="N">Universities</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D055815" MajorTopicYN="N">Young Adult</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">behavioral addictions</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">cross-cultural research</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">mobile phone dependence</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">problematic mobile phone use</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">young adults</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2017</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>21</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2018</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>21</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28425777</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1556/2006.6.2017.020</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC5520117</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Risk Anal. 2004 Apr;24(2):323-34</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15078303</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Am Psychol. 2000 May;55(5):469-80</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">10842426</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>Am J Prev Med. 2009 Feb;36(2):165-73</Citation><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">19135907</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></Reference><Reference><Citation>J Behav Addict. 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